Foreign relations of the Comoros

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Comoros
Seal of the Comoros.svg
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
the Comoros

Arab League Member State of the Arab League

In November 1975, Comoros became the 143rd member of the United Nations. The new nation was defined as consisting of the entire archipelago, despite the fact that France maintains control over Mayotte.

Overview[edit]

Comoros also is a member of the African Union, the Arab League, the European Development Fund, the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, the Indian Ocean Commission, and the African Development Bank.

The government fostered close relationships with the more conservative (and oil-rich) Arab states, such as Saudi Arabia and Kuwait.[1] It frequently received aid from those countries and the regional financial institutions they influenced, such as the Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa and the Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development.[1] In October 1993, Comoros joined the League of Arab States, after having been rejected when it applied for membership initially in 1977.[1]

Regional relations generally were good.[1] In 1985 Madagascar, Mauritius, and Seychelles agreed to admit Comoros as the fourth member of the Indian Ocean Commission (IOC), an organization established in 1982 to encourage regional cooperation.[1] In 1993 Mauritius and Seychelles had two of the five embassies in Moroni, and Mauritius and Madagascar were connected to the republic by regularly scheduled commercial flights.[1]

In November 1975, Comoros became the 143d member of the UN. In the 1990s, the republic continued to represent Mahoré in the UN.[1] Comoros was also a member of the OAU, the EDF, the World Bank, the IMF, the IOC, and the African Development Bank.[1]

Comoros thus cultivated relations with various nations, both East and West, seeking to increase trade and obtain financial assistance.[1] In 1994, however, it was increasingly facing the need to control its expenditures and reorganize its economy so that it would be viewed as a sounder recipient of investment.[1] Comoros also confronted domestically the problem of the degree of democracy the government was prepared to grant to its citizens, a consideration that related to its standing in the world community.[1]

Bilateral relations[edit]

Country Formal Relations Began Notes
 Andorra 2008

Both countries established diplomatic relations on July 8, 2008.[2]

 Argentina

Argentina is represented in Comoros by its embassy in Nairobi, Kenya[3][4].

 Armenia Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 July 2008.
 Australia

Australia is represented in Comoros by its embassy in Port Louis.[5]

 Canada 1977
 China See People's Republic of China – Comoros relations

Comoros also hosted an embassy of China, which established relations during the Soilih regime.[1] The Chinese had long been a source of aid and apparently wished to maintain contact with Comoros to counterbalance Indian and Soviet (later Russian) influence in the Indian Ocean.[1]

In August 2008, a Comorian delegation visited China on a good-will visit. Together with the Chinese defense minister Liang Guanglie, and Chief of Staff of the Comoros armed forces Salimou Mohamed Amiri, pledged to increase cooperation between the military of the two nations. Amiri stated that Comoros will continue to adhere to the One-China policy.[7]

A comprehensive Chinese-assisted treatment campaign has apparently eliminated malaria from the Comorian island of Moheli (population 36,000). Administered by Li Guoqiao at the Tropical Medicine Institute, the program relies on hybrid Artemisia annua of hybrid ancestry, which was used for a drug regimen by which all residents of the island, whether or not visibly ill, took two doses at a 40-day interval. This eliminated the human reservoir of the disease and reduced hospital admissions to 1% or less of January 2008 levels. Visitors to Moheli are now required to take antimalarial drugs, a mix of artemisinin, primaquine and pyrimethamine that China provides for free. When asked about Artemisia exports, Li was quoted, "We want to grow them in China and whatever we export depends on bilateral relationships." Comoros has requested a similar program for Grande Comore and Anjouan, total population 760,000, and Li said that Beijing has agreed in principle.[8][9]

 Cyprus

Cyprus is represented in Comoros by its embassy in Pretoria.[10]

 Denmark

Denmark is represented in Comoros by its embassy in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.[11]

 Fiji 7 November 2013

Both countries established diplomatic relations on November 7, 2013.[12]

 Finland

Comoros is represented in Finland by its embassy in Paris, France.[13]

 France See France–Comoros relations

Comoros' most significant international relationship is that with France.[1] The three years of estrangement following the unilateral declaration of independence and the nationalistic Soilih regime were followed during the conservative Abdallah and Djohar regimes by a period of growing trade, aid, cultural, and defense links between the former colony and France, punctuated by frequent visits to Paris by the head of state and occasional visits by the French president to Moroni.[1] The leading military power in the region, France has detachments on Mahoré and Réunion, and its Indian Ocean fleet sails the waters around the islands.[1] France and Comoros signed a mutual security treaty in 1978; following the mercenary coup against Abdallah in 1989, French troops restored order and took responsibility for reorganizing and training the Comorian army.[1] With Mahoré continuing to gravitate politically and economically toward France, and Comoros increasingly dependent on the French for help with its own considerable social, political, and economic problems, the issue of Mahoré diminished somewhat in urgency.[1]

Comoros claims French-administered Mayotte & the Glorioso Islands.

 Germany 1978

Both countries established diplomatic relations on February 2, 1978.[14]

 Georgia

The Comoros and Georgia established full diplomatic relations on 26 March 2010.[15]

 India June 1976 See Comoros–India relations
 Indonesia
 Iran January 2016

Comoros severed the diplomatic relations with Iran in January 2016.[18]

 Ireland

Ireland is represented in Comoros by its embassy in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.[19]

 Italy
 Japan

Comorian relations with Japan were also significant because Japan was the second largest provider of aid, consisting of funding for fisheries, food, and highway development.[1]

 Latvia 24 February 2010

Both countries established diplomatic relations on February 24, 2010.[24]

 Lithuania 26 September 2013

Both countries established diplomatic relations on September 26, 2013.[25]

 Maldives 20 July 1983

Both countries established diplomatic relations on July 20, 1983.[26]

 Mexico October 2008
  • The Comoros does not have an accreditation to Mexico.
  • Mexico is accredited to the Comoros from its embassy in Nairobi, Kenya.[27]
 Montenegro 2011

Both countries established diplomatic relations on February 9, 2011.[28]

 Netherlands
 North Korea 13 November 1975 See Comoros–North Korea relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on November 13, 1975.[31]

 Qatar See Comoros–Qatar relations

Comoros severed the diplomatic relations with Qatar in June 2017.[32]

 Romania

Both countries established diplomatic relations on August 12, 1976.[33]

 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2008

Both countries established diplomatic relations on October 3, 2008.[34]

 Serbia

Serbia is represented in Comoros by its embassy in Nairobi, Kenya[35][36].

 Singapore 8 April 2013

Both countries established diplomatic relations on April 8, 2013.[37]

 South Africa

The close relationship Comoros developed with South Africa in the 1980s was much less significant to both countries in the 1990s.[1] With the reform of its apartheid government, South Africa no longer needed Comoros as evidence of its ostensible ability to enjoy good relations with a black African state; the end of the Cold War had also diminished Comoros' strategic value to Pretoria.[1] Although South Africa continued to provide developmental aid, it closed its consulate in Moroni in 1992.[1] Since the 1989 coup and subsequent expulsion of South African-financed mercenaries, Comoros likewise turned away from South Africa and toward France for assistance with its security needs.[1]

 South Korea

Diplomatic relations between the Republic of Korea (South Korea) and the Union of Comoros were established on 19 February 1979. Four South Koreans were living in Comoros in 2011–12.[38]

  Switzerland 1977
 Tunisia

Both countries have established diplomatic relations.[40]

 Turkey

The embassy of Comoros in Cairo, Egypt is accredited to Turkey. The embassy of Turkey in Nairobi, Kenya is accredited to Comoros.

 Ukraine
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on July 23, 1993.[41]
  • Comoros has an honorary consulate in Kiev.[42]
  • Ukraine is represented in Comoros by its embassy in Nairobi, Kenya.[43]
 United Kingdom

Great-Britain is represented in Comoros by its embassy in Antananarivo, Madagascar.[44]

 United States 1977 See Comoros–United States relations

The United States established diplomatic relations in 1977 but in September 1993 closed its embassy in Moroni. Presently, The United States Ambassador in Madagascar is also accredited to Comoros. The two countries enjoy friendly relations.[1] The historic under-commitment by the US within France's sphere of interest in the Indian Ocean looks set to continue after a November 2009 meeting between heads of state.[45] Future friendly relations continue to look promising between the Comoros and America.

 Uzbekistan 2005
 Yemen

In April 2008, the Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation of Yemen and Comoros Ministry of Fishery and Environment signed a "Memo of Understanding" (MOU) concerning agricultural cooperation.[47]

 Vietnam

Both countries are full members of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x Ercolano, Vincent. "Foreign Affairs". A country study: Comoros (Helen Chapin Metz, editor). Library of Congress Federal Research Division (August 1994). This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  2. ^ [1]
  3. ^ [2]
  4. ^ [3]
  5. ^ "Comoros". Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
  6. ^ Government of Canada, Foreign Affairs Trade and Development Canada (18 November 2008). "Canada - Union of the Comoros Relations". GAC. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
  7. ^ "Chinese defense minister meets Comoros army chief Archived 2008-10-22 at the Wayback Machine", China View. 2008-10-21.
  8. ^ Africa: Ending Malaria in Sight? AfricaFocus Bulletin, africafocus@igc.org, 2009-11-30.
  9. ^ David Lague (2007-06-05). "On island off Africa, China tries to wipe out malaria". New York Times.
  10. ^ "MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS - Bilateral Relations". Mfa.gov.cy. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
  11. ^ Sites, Manage One Pages. "Danmark i Comorerne". Manage One Pages Sites. Retrieved 29 December 2018.
  12. ^ "Comoros and Fiji Establish Diplomatic Relations - The Permanent Mission Of The Republic Of Fiji to the United Nations". Fijiprun.org. Archived from the original on 20 August 2017. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
  13. ^ "Embassy of the Islamic Federal Republic of the Comoros, Paris - Ministry for Foreign Affairs". um.fi. Retrieved 29 December 2018.
  14. ^ Amt, Auswärtiges. "Federal Foreign Office - Comoros". Auswärtiges Amt DE. Retrieved 29 December 2018.
  15. ^ "Georgia and the Union of the Comoros established diplomatic relations" georgiandaily.com 2010-03-26 Link retrieved 2010-03-27
  16. ^ "India-Comoros Relations" (PDF). Mea.gov.in. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
  17. ^ [4]
  18. ^ Sputnik. "Comoros Severs Diplomatic Relations With Iran - Reports". sputniknews.com. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
  19. ^ "Comoros - Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade". www.dfa.ie. Retrieved 29 December 2018.
  20. ^ [5]
  21. ^ [6]
  22. ^ [7]
  23. ^ [8]
  24. ^ [9]
  25. ^ [10]
  26. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2015-09-12. Retrieved 2015-09-12.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  27. ^ "Versión en Español". Embamex.sre.gob.mx. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
  28. ^ [11]
  29. ^ [12]
  30. ^ [13]
  31. ^ Wertz, Daniel; Oh, JJ; Kim, Insung (August 2016). Issue Brief: DPRK Diplomatic Relations (PDF). The National Committee on North Korea. p. 8. Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 December 2016. Retrieved 22 February 2019.
  32. ^ "Comoros Breaking Off Diplomatic Ties With Qatar". Sputnik News. 7 June 2017. Retrieved 3 September 2017.
  33. ^ "Diplomatic Relations of Romania - Ministry of Foreign Affairs". Mae.ro. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
  34. ^ [14]
  35. ^ [15]
  36. ^ [16]
  37. ^ "Diplomatic & Consular List" (PDF). App1.mfa.gov.sg. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
  38. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2015-09-04. Retrieved 2015-06-27.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  39. ^ "Bilateral relations Switzerland–the Comoros". Eda.admin.ch. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
  40. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2017-08-21. Retrieved 2017-08-20.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  41. ^ [17]
  42. ^ [18]
  43. ^ [19]
  44. ^ Access, please call +44 1908 516666 or email us; Times, Opening. "British Embassy Antananarivo - GOV.UK". www.gov.uk. Retrieved 29 December 2018.
  45. ^ "The Comoros Islands and President Sambi – Could Change Finally have Arrived?". Prweb.com. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
  46. ^ [20]
  47. ^ "Saba Net - Yemen news agency". Sabanews.net. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_the_Comoros&oldid=951193643"