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February 21 is the 52nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar . 313 days remain until the end of the year (314 in leap years ).
1245 – Thomas , the first known Bishop of Finland , is granted resignation after confessing to torture and forgery .1440 – The Prussian Confederation is formed.1613 – Mikhail I is unanimously elected Tsar by a national assembly , beginning the Romanov dynasty of Imperial Russia .1797 – A force of 1,400 French soldiers invaded Britain at Fishguard in support of the Society of United Irishmen . They were defeated by 500 British reservists.1804 – The first self-propelling steam locomotive makes its outing at the Pen-y-Darren Ironworks in Wales.1808 – Without a previous declaration of war, Russian troops cross the border to Sweden at Abborfors in eastern Finland, thus beginning the Finnish War , in which Sweden will lose the eastern half of the country (i.e. Finland) to Russia.1828 – Initial issue of the Cherokee Phoenix is the first periodical to use the Cherokee syllabary invented by Sequoyah .1842 – John Greenough is granted the first U.S. patent for the sewing machine .1848 – Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels publish The Communist Manifesto 1862 – American Civil War : Battle of Valverde is fought near Fort Craig in New Mexico Territory .1866 – Lucy Hobbs Taylor becomes the first American woman to graduate from dental school.1874 – The Oakland Daily Tribune 1878 – The first telephone directory is issued in New Haven, Connecticut .1885 – The newly completed Washington Monument is dedicated.1896 – An Englishman raised in Australia, Bob Fitzsimmons , fought an Irishman, Peter Maher , in an American promoted event which technically took place in Mexico, winning the 1896 World Heavyweight Championship in boxing .1913 – Ioannina is incorporated into the Greek state after the Balkan Wars .1916 – World War I : In France, the Battle of Verdun begins.1918 – The last Carolina parakeet dies in captivity at the Cincinnati Zoo .1919 – German socialist Kurt Eisner is assassinated . His death results in the establishment of the Bavarian Soviet Republic and parliament and government fleeing Munich , Germany.1921 – Constituent Assembly of the Democratic Republic of Georgia adopts the country's first constitution.1921 – Rezā Shāh takes control of Tehran during a successful coup . 1925 – The New Yorker 1929 – In the first battle of the Warlord Rebellion in northeastern Shandong against the Nationalist government of China, a 24,000-strong rebel force led by Zhang Zongchang was defeated at Zhifu by 7,000 NRA troops.1934 – Augusto Sandino is executed.1937 – The League of Nations bans foreign national "volunteers " in the Spanish Civil War .1945 – World War II : During the Battle of Iwo Jima , Japanese kamikaze planes sink the escort carrier USS Bismarck Sea and damage the USS Saratoga .1945 – World War II : the Brazilian Expeditionary Force defeat the German forces in the Battle of Monte Castello on the Italian front . 1947 – In New York City, Edwin Land demonstrates the first "instant camera ", the Polaroid Land Camera , to a meeting of the Optical Society of America .1948 – NASCAR is incorporated.1952 – The British government, under Winston Churchill , abolishes identity cards in the UK to "set the people free".1952 – The Bengali Language Movement protests occur at the University of Dhaka in East Pakistan (now Bangladesh ). 1958 – The CND symbol, aka peace symbol , commissioned by the Direct Action Committee in protest against the Atomic Weapons Research Establishment , is designed and completed by Gerald Holtom .1965 – Malcolm X is assassinated while giving a talk at the Audubon Ballroom in Harlem.1971 – The Convention on Psychotropic Substances is signed at Vienna .1972 – United States President Richard Nixon visits the People's Republic of China to normalize Sino-American relations .1972 – The Soviet unmanned spaceship Luna 20 lands on the Moon. 1973 – Over the Sinai Desert , Israeli fighter aircraft shoot down Libyan Arab Airlines Flight 114 jet killing 108 people.1974 – The last Israeli soldiers leave the west bank of the Suez Canal pursuant to a truce with Egypt .1975 – Watergate scandal : Former United States Attorney General John N. Mitchell and former White House aides H. R. Haldeman and John Ehrlichman are sentenced to prison.1995 – Steve Fossett lands in Leader, Saskatchewan , Canada becoming the first person to make a solo flight across the Pacific Ocean in a balloon .2013 – At least 17 people are killed and 119 injured following several bombings in the Indian city of Hyderabad .921 – Abe no Seimei , Japanese astrologer (d. 1005)1397 – Isabella of Portugal (d. 1471)1462 – Joanna la Beltraneja , princess of Castile (d. 1530)1484 – Joachim I Nestor, Elector of Brandenburg (d. 1535)1498 – Ralph Neville, 4th Earl of Westmorland , English Earl (d. 1549)1541 – Philipp V, Count of Hanau-Lichtenberg (d. 1599)1556 – Sethus Calvisius , German astronomer, composer, and theorist (d. 1615)1559 – Nurhaci , Manchu emperor (d. 1626)1609 – Raimondo Montecuccoli , Italian military commander (d. 1680)1621 – Rebecca Nurse , Massachusetts colonist, executed as a witch (d. 1692)1705 – Edward Hawke, 1st Baron Hawke , English admiral and politician (d. 1781)1728 – Peter III of Russia (d. 1762)1783 – Catharina of Württemberg (d. 1835)1788 – Francis Ronalds , British scientist, inventor and engineer who was knighted for developing the first working electric telegraph (d. 1873)1791 – Carl Czerny , Austrian pianist and composer (d. 1857)1794 – Antonio López de Santa Anna , Mexican general and politician, 8th President of Mexico (d. 1876)1801 – John Henry Newman , English cardinal (d. 1890)1817 – José Zorrilla , Spanish poet and playwright (d. 1893)1821 – Charles Scribner I , American publisher, founded Charles Scribner's Sons (d. 1871)1836 – Léo Delibes , French pianist and composer (d. 1891)1844 – Charles-Marie Widor , French organist and composer (d. 1937)1860 – Goscombe John , Welsh-English sculptor and academic (d. 1952)1865 – John Haden Badley , English author and educator, founded the Bedales School (d. 1967)1867 – Otto Hermann Kahn , German banker and philanthropist (d. 1934)1875 – Jeanne Calment , French super-centenarian, oldest verified person ever (d. 1997)1878 – Mirra Alfassa , French-Indian spiritual leader (d. 1973)[2] 1881 – Kenneth J. Alford , English soldier, bandmaster, and composer (d. 1945)1885 – Sacha Guitry , Russian-French actor, director, and playwright (d. 1957)1887 – Korechika Anami , Japanese general and politician, 54th Japanese Minister of War (d. 1945)1888 – Clemence Dane , English author and playwright (d. 1965)[3] 1892 – Harry Stack Sullivan , American psychiatrist and psychoanalyst (d. 1949)1893 – Celia Lovsky , Austrian-American actress (d. 1979)1893 – Andrés Segovia , Spanish guitarist (d. 1987) 1894 – Shanti Swaroop Bhatnagar , Indian chemist and academic (d. 1955)1895 – Henrik Dam , Danish biochemist and physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1976)1896 – Nirala , Indian poet and author (d. 1961)1900 – Jeanne Aubert , French singer and actress (d. 1988)[4] 1902 – Arthur Nock , English theologian and academic (d. 1963)1903 – Anaïs Nin , French-American essayist and memoirist (d. 1977)1903 – Raymond Queneau , French poet and author (d. 1976) 1907 – W. H. Auden , English-American poet, playwright, and composer (d. 1973)1909 – Hans Erni , Swiss painter, sculptor, and illustrator (d. 2015)1910 – Douglas Bader , English captain and pilot (d. 1982)1912 – Arline Judge , American actress and singer (d. 1974)1914 – Ilmari Juutilainen , Finnish soldier and pilot (d. 1999)1914 – Zachary Scott , American actor (d. 1965) 1914 – Jean Tatlock , American psychiatrist and physician (d. 1944) 1915 – Claudia Jones , Trinidad-British journalist and activist (d. 1964)1915 – Ann Sheridan , American actress and singer (d. 1967) 1915 – Anton Vratuša , Prime Minister of Slovenia (1978–1980) (d. 2017) 1917 – Lucille Bremer , American actress and dancer (d. 1996)1917 – Tadd Dameron , American pianist and composer (d. 1965) 1921 – John Rawls , American philosopher and academic (d. 2002)1921 – Richard T. Whitcomb , American aeronautical engineer (d. 2009) 1924 – Thelma Estrin , American computer scientist and engineer (d. 2014)1924 – Robert Mugabe , Zimbabwean educator and politician, 2nd President of Zimbabwe (d. 2019) 1924 – Dorothy Blum , American computer scientist and cryptanalyst (d. 1980) 1925 – Sam Peckinpah , American director and screenwriter (d. 1984)1925 – Jack Ramsay , American basketball player, coach, and sportscaster (d. 2014) 1927 – Erma Bombeck , American journalist and author (d. 1996)1929 – Chespirito , Mexican actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2014)1933 – Nina Simone , American singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 2003)1934 – Rue McClanahan , American actress (d. 2010)1935 – Richard A. Lupoff , American author1936 – Barbara Jordan , American lawyer and politician (d. 1996)1937 – Ron Clarke , Australian runner and politician, Mayor of the Gold Coast (d. 2015)1937 – Harald V of Norway 1938 – Bobby Charles , American singer-songwriter (d. 2020)1938 – Kel Tremain , New Zealand rugby player (d. 1992) 1940 – Peter Gethin , English race car driver (d. 2011)1940 – John Lewis , American activist and politician (d. 2020) 1942 – Tony Martin , Trinidadian-American historian and academic (d. 2013)1942 – Margarethe von Trotta , German actress, director, and screenwriter 1943 – David Geffen , American businessman, co-founded DreamWorks and Geffen Records 1945 – Maurice Bembridge , English golfer1946 – Tyne Daly , American actress and singer1946 – Anthony Daniels , English actor and producer 1946 – Alan Rickman , English actor and director (d. 2016)[5] 1946 – Bob Ryan , American journalist and author 1947 – Johnny Echols , American singer-songwriter and guitarist1947 – Olympia Snowe , American politician 1948 – Bill Slayback , American baseball player and singer (d. 2015)1949 – Frank Brunner , American illustrator1949 – Jerry Harrison , American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer 1949 – Ronnie Hellström , Swedish footballer 1950 – Larry Drake , American actor (d. 2016)1951 – Vince Welnick , American keyboard player (d. 2006)1952 – Jean-Jacques Burnel , English bass player, songwriter, and producer1952 – Vitaly Churkin , Russian diplomat, former Ambassador of Russia to the United Nations (d. 2017) 1953 – Christine Ebersole , American actress and singer1953 – William Petersen , American actor and producer 1954 – Christina Rees , British politician1955 – Kelsey Grammer , American actor, singer, and producer1958 – Jake Burns , Northern Irish singer-songwriter and guitarist1958 – Mary Chapin Carpenter , American singer-songwriter and guitarist 1958 – Kim Coates , Canadian actor 1958 – Alan Trammell , American baseball player, coach, and manager 1959 – José María Cano , Spanish singer-songwriter and painter1960 – Plamen Oresharski , Bulgarian economist and politician, 52nd Prime Minister of Bulgaria 1960 – Steve Wynn , American singer-songwriter 1961 – Christopher Atkins , American actor and businessman1962 – Chuck Palahniuk , American novelist and journalist1962 – David Foster Wallace , American novelist, short story writer, and essayist (d. 2008) 1963 – William Baldwin , American actor1963 – Ranking Roger , English singer-songwriter and musician (d. 2019) 1963 – Greg Turner , New Zealand golfer 1964 – Mark Kelly , American captain, pilot, and astronaut1964 – Scott Kelly , American captain, pilot, and astronaut 1965 – Mark Ferguson , Australian journalist1967 – Leroy Burrell , American runner and coach1967 – Sari Essayah , Finnish athlete and politician 1969 – James Dean Bradfield , Welsh singer-songwriter and guitarist (Manic Street Preachers )1969 – Aunjanue Ellis , American actress and producer 1969 – Petra Kronberger , Austrian skier 1969 – Tony Meola , American soccer player and manager 1969 – Cathy Richardson , American singer-songwriter and guitarist 1970 – Michael Slater , Australian cricketer and sportscaster1970 – Eric Wilson , American bass player and drummer 1971 – Pierre Fulke , Swedish golfer[6] 1972 – Seo Taiji , South Korean singer-songwriter1973 – Heri Joensen , Faroese singer-songwriter and guitarist1973 – Brian Rolston , American ice hockey player and coach 1974 – Iván Campo , Spanish footballer1975 – Scott Miller , Australian swimmer1976 – Ryan Smyth , Canadian ice hockey player1976 – Michael McIntyre , English comedian, actor and television presenter 1977 – Jonathan Safran Foer , American novelist1977 – Steve Francis , American basketball player 1977 – Owen King , American author 1977 – Kevin Rose , American businessman and television host, founded Digg 1978 – Kumail Nanjiani , Pakistani-American stand-up comedian, actor, writer and podcast host1979 – Pascal Chimbonda , Guadeloupean-French footballer, defender[7] 1979 – Shane Gibson , American guitarist (stOrk and Jonathan Davis and the SFA ) (d. 2014) 1979 – Jennifer Love Hewitt , American actress and producer 1979 – Carly Colón , Puerto Rican professional wrestler 1979 – Jordan Peele , American actor, producer, and screenwriter 1980 – Brad Fast , Canadian ice hockey player1980 – Tiziano Ferro , Italian singer-songwriter and producer 1980 – Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck , 5th King of Bhutan 1980 – Justin Roiland , American animator, writer and voice actor 1981 – Floor Jansen , Dutch singer, songwriter, and vocal coach1982 – Andre Barrett , American basketball player1982 – Chantal Claret , American singer-songwriter 1982 – Tebogo Jacko Magubane , South African DJ and producer 1983 – Braylon Edwards , American football player1983 – Franklin Gutiérrez , Venezuelan baseball player 1983 – Mélanie Laurent , French actress 1984 – Andrew Ellis , New Zealand rugby player1984 – David Odonkor , German footballer 1984 – Marco Paoloni , Italian footballer 1984 – James Wisniewski , American ice hockey player 1985 – Georgios Samaras , Greek footballer1985 – Jamaal Westerman , American football player 1986 – Charlotte Church , Welsh singer-songwriter and actress1987 – Elliot Page , Canadian actor[8] 1989 – Corbin Bleu , American actor, model, dancer, film producer and singer-songwriter[9] 1990 – Mattias Tedenby , Swedish ice hockey player[10] 1991 – Joe Alwyn , English actor[11] 1991 – Riyad Mahrez , Algerian footballer 1991 – Ji So-yun , South Korean footballer 1991 – Devon Travis , American baseball player 1991 – Suppasit Jongcheveevat , Thai actor 1993 – Steve Leo Beleck , Cameroonian footballer1993 – Davy Klaassen , Dutch footballer 1993 – Masaki Suda , Japanese actor 1994 – Tang Haochen , Chinese tennis player[12] 1996 – Noah Rubin , American tennis player[13] 1999 – Metawin Opas-iamkajorn , Thai Actor and Singer[14] 4 AD – Gaius Caesar , Roman consul and grandson of Augustus (b. 20 BC)675 – Randoald of Grandval , prior of the Benedictine monastery of Grandval 1184 – Minamoto no Yoshinaka , Japanese shōgun (b. 1154)1267 – Baldwin of Ibelin, Seneschal of Cyprus 1437 – James I of Scotland (b. 1394; assassinated)[15] 1471 – Jan Rokycana , Czech bishop and theologian (b. 1396)1513 – Pope Julius II (b. 1443)1543 – Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi , Somalian general (b. 1507)1554 – Hieronymus Bock , German botanist and physician (b. 1498)1572 – Cho Shik , Korean poet and scholar (d. 1501)1590 – Ambrose Dudley, 3rd Earl of Warwick , English nobleman and general (b. 1528)1595 – Robert Southwell , English priest and poet (b. 1561)1677 – Baruch Spinoza , Dutch philosopher and scholar (b. 1632)1715 – Charles Calvert, 3rd Baron Baltimore , English politician (b. 1637)1730 – Pope Benedict XIII (b. 1649)1821 – Georg Friedrich von Martens , German jurist and diplomat (b. 1756)1824 – Eugène de Beauharnais , French general (b. 1781)1829 – Kittur Chennamma , Indian queen and freedom fighter (b. 1778)[16] 1846 – Emperor Ninkō of Japan (b. 1800)1862 – Justinus Kerner , German poet and physician (b. 1786)1888 – William Weston , English-Australian politician, 3rd Premier of Tasmania (b. 1804)1891 – James Timberlake , American lieutenant and police officer (b. 1846)1919 – Kurt Eisner , German journalist and politician, Minister-President of Bavaria (b. 1867)1926 – Heike Kamerlingh Onnes , Dutch physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1853)1934 – Augusto César Sandino , Nicaraguan rebel leader (b. 1895)1938 – George Ellery Hale , American astronomer and academic (b. 1868)1941 – Frederick Banting , Canadian physician and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1891)1944 – Ferenc Szisz , Hungarian-French race car driver (b. 1873)1945 – Eric Liddell , Scottish rugby player and runner (b. 1902)1947 – Fannie Charles Dillon , American composer (b. 1881)[17] 1946 – José Streel , Belgian journalist (b. 1911)1958 – Duncan Edwards , English footballer (b. 1936)1965 – Malcolm X , American minister and activist (b. 1925; assassinated)[18] 1967 – Charles Beaumont , American author and screenwriter (b. 1929)1968 – Howard Florey , Australian pathologist and pharmacologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1898)1972 – Zhang Guohua , Chinese general and politician (b. 1914)1972 – Bronislava Nijinska , Russian-American dancer and choreographer (b. 1891) 1972 – Eugène Tisserant , French cardinal (b. 1884) 1974 – Tim Horton , Canadian ice hockey player and businessman, co-founded Tim Hortons (b. 1930)1980 – Alfred Andersch , German-Swiss author (b. 1914)1982 – Gershom Scholem , German-Israeli historian and philosopher (b. 1897)1984 – Mikhail Sholokhov , Russian novelist and short story writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1905)1985 – Louis Hayward , South African-American actor (b. 1909)1986 – Helen Hooven Santmyer , American novelist (b. 1895)1991 – Dorothy Auchterlonie Green , Australian poet, critic, and academic (b. 1915)1993 – Inge Lehmann , Danish seismologist and geophysicist (b. 1888)1994 – Johannes Steinhoff , German general and pilot (b. 1913)1996 – Morton Gould , American pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1913)1999 – Gertrude B. Elion , American biochemist and pharmacologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1918)1999 – Ilmari Juutilainen , Finnish soldier and pilot (b. 1914) 1999 – Wilmer Mizell , American baseball player and politician (b. 1930) 2002 – John Thaw , English actor and producer (b. 1942)2004 – John Charles , Welsh footballer and manager (b. 1931)2005 – Guillermo Cabrera Infante , Cuban author, screenwriter, and critic (b. 1929)2005 – Zdzisław Beksiński , Polish painter, photographer, and sculptor (b. 1929) 2008 – Ben Chapman , American actor (b. 1928)2011 – Dwayne McDuffie , American author and screenwriter, co-founded Milestone Media (b. 1962)2011 – Bernard Nathanson , American physician and activist (b. 1926) 2012 – H. M. Darmstandler , American general (b. 1922)2013 – Hasse Jeppson , Swedish footballer (b. 1925)2014 – Héctor Maestri , Cuban-American baseball player (b. 1935)2014 – Matthew Robinson , Australian snowboarder (b. 1985) 2014 – Cornelius Schnauber , German–American historian, playwright, and academic (b. 1939) 2015 – Aleksei Gubarev , Russian general, pilot, and astronaut (b. 1931)2015 – Sadeq Tabatabaei , Iranian journalist and politician (b. 1943)[19] [20] 2015 – Clark Terry , American trumpet player, composer, and educator (b. 1920) 2016 – Eric Brown , Scottish-English captain and pilot (b. 1919)2017 – Jeanne Martin Cissé , Guinean teacher and politician (b. 1926)[21] 2018 – Billy Graham , American evangelist (b. 1918)[22] 2019 – Stanley Donen , American film director (b. 1924)[23] 2019 – Peter Tork , American musician and actor (b. 1942)[24] Holidays and observances [ edit ] References [ edit ] ^ Pandya, Samta P. (2009). Faith Movements and Social Transformation: Guru Charisma in India . Singapore: Springer. p. 38. ISBN 9789811328220 ^ "Ashton, Winifred [pseud. Clemence Dane] (1888–1965), playwright and novelist" . Oxford Dictionary of National Biography . doi :10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-30475 . Retrieved 14 January 2021 .^ "Biographie de Jeanne Aubert (1900-1988)" . www.histoire-vesinet.org . Retrieved 2017-10-24 .^ "Alan Rickman obituary" . the Guardian . 14 January 2016. Retrieved 14 January 2021 .^ "Pierre Fulke" . ESPN.com . Retrieved 14 January 2021 .^ "Pascal Chimbonda" . soccerbase.com . Retrieved 16 February 2020 .^ "Ellen Page: Film Actress (1987–)" . Biography.com the original on May 4, 2015. Retrieved March 6, 2015 .^ "Corbin Bleu" . Encyclopedia.com . Retrieved February 22, 2019 .^ "Mattias Tedenby Stats" . Hockey-Reference.com . Retrieved February 22, 2019 .^ "Joe Alwyn" . Glamour Archived from the original on 2018-01-08. Retrieved 13 September 2017 .^ "Olympedia – Tang Haochen" . www.olympedia.org . Retrieved 14 January 2021 .^ "Noah Rubin | Overview | ATP Tour | Tennis" . ATP Tour .^ "Biodata Aktor Thailand Win Metawin Opa-iamkajorn" . dianiopiari.com (in Indonesian). Diani Opiari. 16 March 2020. Retrieved 17 December 2020 .^ Thomas WATERHOUSE (of Grantham.) (1816). A genealogical account of the royal house of Stuart, Kings of Scotland, from the year 1043, to its union with the English Crown, ... also from that time to the commencement of the ... house of Brunswick; and down to the present period ^ "Rani Chennamma of Kitturu" . pib.nic.in . Retrieved 2019-02-21 .^ Sadie, Julie Anne; Samuel, Rhian (1996). The New Grove Dictionary of Women Composers . London: Macmillan. p. 143. ISBN 978-0-33351-598-3 ^ Marable, Manning (2011). Malcolm X: A Life of Reinvention 436 –437. ISBN 978-0-670-02220-5 ^ صادق طباطبایی درگذشت Archived 2015-03-07 at the Wayback Machine (in Persian) ^ sadegh tabatabaei died ^ Freland, François-Xavier (February 22, 2017). "La Guinée endeuillée par la disparition de Jeanne Martin Cissé, figure de l'indépendance et des droits des femmes" . Jeune Afrique . Retrieved 19 February 2019 . ^ "The Rev. Billy Graham, prominent Christian evangelist, dead at 99" . Fox News. February 21, 2018. Retrieved March 2, 2018 .^ Pengelly, Martin (February 23, 2019). "Stanley Donen, director of Singin' in the Rain, dies aged 94" – via www.theguardian.com. ^ Gates, Anita (February 21, 2019). "Peter Tork, Court Jester of the Monkees, Is Dead at 77" – via NYTimes.com. ^ "International Days" . www.un.org . 6 January 2015. Retrieved 2 January 2021 . Works cited [ edit ] External links [ edit ] 
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